What does unemployment refer to?

Unemployment refers specifically to individuals who are actively seeking jobs but cannot find work. This definition emphasizes that unemployment doesn't just encompass anyone without a job but focuses on those who are engaged in the job search process. It highlights an important aspect of the labor market: simply not having a job does not classify a person as unemployed unless they are actively looking for employment.

The concept of unemployment is a critical indicator of economic health because it reflects the ability of the labor market to provide jobs for those who want to work. Understanding this distinction is vital for analyzing economic conditions and formulating policies aimed at job creation, as it helps identify those in need of assistance in finding employment.